Why have states throughout history regularly underestimated dangers to their survival? Why have some states been able to mobilize their material resources effectively to balance against threats, while others have not been able to do so? The phenomenon of "underbalancing" is a common but woefully underexamined behavior in international politics. Underbalancing occurs when stat...(展开全部)

Why have states throughout history regularly underestimated dangers to their survival? Why have some states been able to mobilize their material resources effectively to balance against threats, while others have not been able to do so? The phenomenon of "underbalancing" is a common but woefully underexamined behaviour in international politics. Underbalancing occurs when state...(展开全部)

Why have states throughout history regularly underestimated dangers to their survival? Why have some states been able to mobilize their material resources effectively to balance against threats, while others have not been able to do so? The phenomenon of "underbalancing" is a common but woefully underexamined behaviour in international politics. Underbalancing occurs when state...(展开全部)

Why have states throughout history regularly underestimated dangers to their survival? Why have some states been able to mobilize their material resources effectively to balance against threats, while others have not been able to do so? The phenomenon of "underbalancing" is a common but woefully underexamined behavior in international politics. Underbalancing occurs when stat...(展开全部)

尼古拉斯 斯皮克曼（Nicholas John Spykman，1893—1943），美国著名地缘政治学家，曾任职耶鲁大学国际研究所，以“边缘地带论”闻名于世。

尼古拉斯 斯皮克曼（Nicholas John Spykman，1893—1943），美国著名地缘政治学家，曾任职耶鲁大学国际研究所，以“边缘地带论”闻名于世。

西蒙·沙玛（Simon Schama）是一位英国作家、历史学家。1966年，他以“超一等”的成绩毕业于剑桥大学基督学院。 20世纪60年代和70年代沙玛曾先后任教于剑桥大学和牛津大学。在此期间，他完成了他的第一本书《爱国者和解放者》（沃夫森历史奖获奖作品）。1980年，沙玛赴美国，任教于哈佛大学。期间，他完成了《财富的困窘》（《纽约时报》年度最佳图书奖获奖作品）、《市民：法国大革命编年史》（《纽约时报》年度最佳图书奖获奖作品、《约克郡邮报》图书奖）等著作。1995年，沙玛受邀成为《纽约客》杂志的艺术批评家，并转至哥伦比亚大学任历史与艺术史教授。此后他又接连出版了像《风景与记忆》（莱昂内尔·特里林图书奖、W.H.史密斯文学奖获奖作品）、《伦勃朗的眼睛》、《乱世交汇：英国、奴隶与美国革命》（国家书评人协会奖非虚构类优胜作品）这样在学术和商业上均取得成功的...(展开全部)

I．力…Ⅱ．①卡…②鲁…Ⅲ．美洲印第安人一文化一研究 Ⅳ．K703 中国版本翔书馆CIP数据核字(98)第39309号

I．力…Ⅱ．①卡…②鲁…Ⅲ．美洲印第安人一文化一研究 Ⅳ．K703 中国版本翔书馆CIP数据核字(98)第39309号